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USS ''Buchanan'' (DD-484), a ''Gleaves''-class destroyer, was the 2nd ship of the United States Navy to be named for Franklin Buchanan, who was an officer in the U.S. Navy who became an admiral in the Confederate Navy during the American Civil War. ''Buchanan'' (DD-484) was launched 22 November 1941 by Federal Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co., Kearny, New Jersey; sponsored by Miss Hildreth Meiere, great-granddaughter of Admiral Buchanan; and commissioned 21 March 1942, Lieutenant Commander R. E. Wilson in command. == World War II South Pacific service== ''Buchanan'' got underway for the Pacific 28 May 1942. She played an effective role in the landings at Guadalcanal and Tulagi (7–9 August) and on 9 August she was present during the Battle of Savo Island and rescued many survivors of ''Astoria'' (CA-34), ''Quincy'' (CA-39), ''Vincennes'' (CA-44), and HMAS ''Canberra'', sunk during the battle. In September she escorted ''Wasp'' (CV-7) and other units to Nouméa, New Caledonia. Shortly thereafter, as part of TF 64.2, ''Buchanan'' assisted in the occupation of Funafuti Island in the Ellice Islands. On the night of 11–12 October, as a unit of TG 64.2 ''Buchanan'' took part in the Battle of Cape Esperance. On 12 November the destroyer was damaged during the initial stages of the Naval Battle of Guadalcanal when she was accidentally hit by U.S. naval gunfire. She suffered the loss of five of her crew and had to withdraw from the action. After undergoing repairs, she was assigned to convoy escort duty until February 1943. After leave in Sydney, Australia, ''Buchanan'' joined the screen of TF 15. On 30 April 1943, while screening in convoy, the ship ran aground off the southern coast of Guadalcanal and, after jettisoning heavy gear and ammunition, she was eased off the reef by three tugs. She proceeded to Espiritu Santo, New Hebrides, for repairs. Repairs completed, she participated in the New Georgia Group operations (30 June – 13 July) and while under heavy attack she effectively bombarded the enemy shore batteries during the invasion of Rendova. She participated in the bombardment of Munda (12 July) and the Battle of Kolombangara (13 July). ''Buchanan'' was damaged when she collided with ''Woodworth'' (DD-460) during the latter engagement and retired to Nouméa for repairs. During the ensuing months, ''Buchanan'' convoyed ships to Nouméa, Espiritu Santo, and Guadalcanal. She participated in the Treasury-Bougainville operation (1–11 November), taking part in the Rabaul and Buka-Bonis strikes. Next, as a unit of TF 38, she bombarded Shortland Island and Bougainville (8 and 13 January 1944). On 22 January, while going to the rescue of the torpedoed oiler ''Cache'' (AO-67), ''Buchanan'' hunted down and sank the Japanese submarine RO-37 in . During February the destroyer participated in various phases of the Bismarck Archipelago operation (15 February – 1 March). She covered the Green Island landings and took an active part in the bombardment of Kavieng, Rabaul, and New Ireland before steaming to the United States to undergo a yard overhaul at Mare Island. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「USS Buchanan (DD-484)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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